PHYLOGENETIC STUDY of Tenualosa ilisha FROM LABUHANBATU and OTHER ASIAN WATERS BASED on CYTOCHROME b GENE DNA MITOCHONDRIA

Abstract

Abstract:  Tenualosa ilisha eggs trade is still ongoing, which may lead to future population decline. Molecular information related to T. ilisha as an anadromous fish in the Barumun River is not yet available. This research will be the first phylogenetic study of T. ilisha from Indonesia. The phylogenetic study utilized the Cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene as this gene has been used to determine intra-population kinship within the same species. Samples were taken from the Barumun River and Bilah River which are the location of T. ilisha migration for spawning. DNA isolation using the KIT Extragene Gene All DNA Mini Kit protocol. The results of T. ilisha DNA amplification contained 572 base pairs, with a composition of T (U) 29.0%, C (27.6%), A (23.5%), and G (19.9%). The sequence of T. ilisha from Barumun River was compared with 12 gene sequences in Genbank. The results of the Cyt b gene analysis showed that T. ilisha from the Barumun River and Bilah River were closely related to T. ilisha from India and Malaysia with a genetic distance (p-0.00%). BLAST analysis showed the similarity of T. ilisha sequences from the Barumun River and Bilah River with genebank data by 99.98%. Analysis of genetic distance using the Kimura two Parameter Model (K2P) showed that there was genetic distance within species, genus, and family with an average of 0.08%, 0.28%, and 0.32%. Therefore, it can be concluded that T. ilisha from Sungai Bilah and Barumun is one population with T. ilisha from Malaysia and India.

Keywords:

Tenualosa ilisha, Phylogenetic, Cytochrome b, Hilsa Shad, DNA Mitochondria.